Perspectograph



(No Model.)

J. L. FINDLAY. PERSPEGTOGRAPH.

No. 496,558?. Patented May 2, 1893.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

J OHNL. FIN DLAY, OF SOMERVILLE, MASSACHUSETTS.

PERS PECTOG RAPH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 496,558, dated May 2, 1893.

Application filed' July 18, 1892. Serial No. 440,335. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN L. FINDLAY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Somerville, in the county of Middlesex, State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Perspectographs, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forminga part of this specification, in explaining its nature.

The invention relates to a devicefor assisting in the location of the outline of a natural view or object upon a canvas or drawing board, and it comprises a slide to rest upon the upper edge of a canvas stretcher or drawing board movable thereon from end to end, and a marking stick or slide vertically movable in the cross slide, carrying at its lower end a marker or pointer and at its upper end a sight point, and movable horizontallyr with the cross slide.

In the drawings: Figure l is a view in front perspective of myimproved implement. Fig. 2 is a view in edge perspective of the device. Fig. 3 is a view illustrating its application in the transfer of an outline of a house to the canvas.

To use the device the canvas or drawing boardAis mounted upon the easelcll to bring its upper edge a to a position which shall show above it only so much. of the view as it is intended shall be transferred to the canvas or drawing board; that is the foreground of the picture extends from the upper edge of the canvas frame or drawing board. The slide B is then mounted upon the upper edge of the canvas frame ordrawing board, the sight point C moved to any desired position upon the stick or holder D to bring it in line with the outline of the object to be reproduced upon the canvas or drawing board, the reproduction of said outline being effected by means of the marker or pointer E, carried to the lower end of said stick or support D.

- The slide B is held by one hand upon the upper edge of the canvas frame or drawing board and can thus be easily shifted or moved from place to place as desired, and the marker Eand therefore the stick or support- D, is held by the other hand and moved up and down in the slide B, as it becomes necessary to transfer the sight point C from one posit` tion to another. The effect is to reproduce upon the canvas-orl drawing board the outline of such salient points of the object or view as may be desired for the purpose of the artist or user, and the outline thus produced will be of the same size and proportion as the object or view appears to the eye.

-I will now describe the device more particularly. The slide lnay be made of wood or metal or any other suitable substance andis somewhat long, and also wide enough to provide a suitable support for the stick DJ It has extending from its upper edge backward the ledge b. In use the under surface of the ledge bears upon the upper edge of the canvas frame or drawing board, and the rear surface b bears against the side of the board or frame adjacent to the upper edge. This forms a construction of slide which is easilyr and easily removed, requiring only the placing upon it to put it into operative position, and not requiring that there be any attachment or fastening to hold it in place, so that it is at the service and will of the user at all times, being readily placed and removed and not being hampered by any connections or attachments.

Through the slide B is cut a hole b2 of a size to receive the sliding stick or supportD ,which should fit the hole rather snugly and yet be free to be readily moved therein. Any mechanical equivalent,however,in the method of mounting the stick or support upon the holder may be employed.

The stick or holder D preferably has its front face graduated into inch divisions from the lower edgeupward. It carries above the Slide B the sight point C, which is formed preferably at one edge of the slide c, the slide surrounding the stick to be movable thereon and having a locking screw c by which it is fastened in any desired position to the stick. At the lower end of the stick or support is the marker-E. This preferablyis in the form of a sharpened pencil e, supported byasleeve e', extending from the face of the stick, the sleeve supporting and guiding the pencil and also acting as a handle by which the marker, sight and their connecting sight stick are manipulated.

I would say that I do not confine myself to put in place on the vframe or drawing board f the especial form of sight point, or to the particular way of holding the pencil herein described. And I would say that if desired a light friction springF may be carried by the slide B to rest against the stick D to hold it slightly and prevent it from dropping to its lowest position when released.

The advantages of this invention are so apparent as to hardly need further statement, as it is obvious that by its use the necessary outline of a sketch, drawing or painting can be easily and quickly transferred, and that a precision and accuracy is likewise thus obtained, while the drudgery ot' drawing and locating by hand is largely eliminated, and this result is obtained by employing a tool or device which is easily transportable and always in a condition for immediate use, and which is simple in operation and cheap in construction.

In some instances it will be advisable t use a sight hole or point held in front of the drawing board or canvas, to be close to the eye of the user, and to be stationary so that the user of the perspcctograph will sight over or past the sight point of the device from the stationary sight point or hole.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States l. The improvement in perspectographs herein described comprising the slide B, the vertically movable stick D, the marker Ecarried at the lower end of the stick, and the adjustable sight C carried on the stick above the slide, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the slide B, the stick D carried by the slide, and vertically movable therein, and having a graduated face, and the marker E, and sight point C, substantiallyas described.

3. The combination in a perspectograph of the slide B, and the stick D vertically movable in relation to the slide and horizontally movable therewith, the marker E, and the handle or sleeve e', substantially as described.

4. The combination in a perspectograph of the slide B, having the ledge b and the bearing surface b', the frame or drawing board on which said slide is mounted, and the stick D mounted on said slide, and vertically movable in relation thereto, and the marker E and sight point C carried by said stick, one above and the other below the slide, B, as and for the purposes described.

5. The method of transferring the outline or salient points of a View or object to a drawing board or canvas consisting in locating the upper edge of the drawing board or canvas frame to form the lower line of the foreground of the view, mounting upon such edge aslide horizontally movable thereon and carrying a vertically movable stick having above the slide an adjustable sight point and below the slide a marking point and then producing upon the canvas or drawing board the outlines and other points of the view or object by moving the slideB and the stick D to bring the sight point to line with the points or lines to 'be produced upon the drawing board or canvas, and at the same time producing by the marker said lines thereon, as and for the purposes described.

JOI-IN L. FINDLAY.

Witnesses:

F. F. RAYMOND, 2d, J. M. DOLAN. 

